Is tuberculosis caused by a single gene mutation?

Common alleles of the NRAMP-1 gene polymorphisms are risk factors for pediatric TB disease. NRAMP-1 influences the speed of progression from infection to TB disease. There is evidence for host-environment-agent interaction from infection to disease in TB.

What is the etiological agent of tuberculosis?

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious disease caused by infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) bacteria. It is spread through the air when a person with TB disease of the lungs or throat coughs, speaks or sings, and people nearby breathe in these bacteria and become infected.

Is tuberculosis a genetic disorder?

tuberculosis is considered to have a genetic component. A group of rare disorders called Mendelian Susceptibility to Mycobacterial Diseases (MSMD) was observed in a subset of individuals with a genetic defect that results in increased susceptibility to Mycobacterial infection.

How does Mycobacterium tuberculosis mutate?

tuberculosis develops drug resistance exclusively through chromosomal mutations, in particular single-nucleotide polymorphisms. Moreover, in laboratory assays the organism exhibits a spontaneous mutation rate that is at the lower end of the bacterial spectrum.

What is an etiological agent?

Etiologic agent means a viable microorganism, or its toxin, that causes or may cause disease in humans or animals, and includes those agents listed in 42 CFR 72.3, and any other agent that causes or may cause severe, disabling or fatal disease.

What is pathogenesis of tuberculosis?

Pathogenesis of TB. Infection occurs when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing tubercle bacilli that reach the alveoli of the lungs. These tubercle bacilli are ingested by alveolar macrophages; the majority of these bacilli are destroyed or inhibited.

What is the genetic material of tuberculosis?

TB genotyping is a laboratory-based approach used to analyze the genetic material (e.g., DNA) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacterium that causes TB disease. The total genetic content is referred to as the genome. Specific sections of the M.

How many mutations of TB are there?

It lists over 17,000 mutations, their frequency and association with or not with resistance and includes methods used, mutations identified and summaries of important findings for each drug. Tuberculosis laboratories around the world can use the catalogue as a support in the interpretation of genome sequencing results.

How does the mutation make an individual resistant or immune to tuberculosis?

The team behind the present study noticed that many clinical TB bacteria had a mutation of the gene that produced the RpoB protein. The researchers presumed that this mutation would stop the protein from being produced, preventing these strains of TB from surviving.

How many genes does tuberculosis have?

4,000 genes
tuberculosis genome is 4.4 million base pairs long and encodes for approximately 4,000 genes (Cole et al., 1998).

Is tuberculosis DNA or RNA?

Mycobacterium tuberculosis contains at least nine small RNA families in its genome.

What are the genetic factors of susceptibility to tuberculosis (TB)?

The importance of host genetic factors in determining susceptibility to tuberculosis (TB) has been studied extensively using various methods, such as case-control, candidate gene and genome-wide linkage studies. Several important candidate genes like human leucocyte antigen/alleles and non-human leu …

What is the etiology of tuberculosis (TB)?

What is the etiology of tuberculosis (TB)? Author: Thomas E Herchline, MD; Chief Editor: Michael Stuart Bronze, MD more… TB is caused by M tuberculosis, a slow-growing obligate aerobe and a facultative intracellular parasite.

What is the role of tnf1 in the pathogenesis of tuberculosis?

Identification of a major locus, TNF1, that controls BCG-triggered tumor necrosis factor production by leukocytes in an area hyperendemic for tuberculosis. Clin. Infect. Dis.57, 963–970. (10.1093/cid/cit438) [PMC free article][PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] 41. Ranke KE. 1910. Diagnose und epidemiologie des lungentuberculose des kindes. Arch.

What causes recurrent tuberculosis (TB) after curative treatment?

van Rie A, Warren R, Richardson M, et al. Exogenous reinfection as a cause of recurrent tuberculosis after curative treatment. N Engl J Med. 1999 Oct 14. 341 (16):1174-9.